HYMENOPTERA :: Vespidae :: Polistinae :: Parapolybia
HYMENOPTERA :: Vespidae :: Polistinae :: Parapolybia
Parapolybia nodosa Vecht, 1966
Eusocial wasps. Colonies founded by a single or several queens. Scavage on dead arthropods, carrion or actively hunting.
Barthélémy, C. A. Provisional Identification Guide to the Social Vespids of Hong Kong (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Available online: http://insectahk.com
Barthélémy C & Guénard B. 2025. An annotated and illustrated checklist of Hong Kong aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Apoid wasps; Pompilioidea; Scolioidea; Thynnoidea; Tiphioidea; Vespoidea; Chrysidoidea). Insecta Mundi 1115: 1–230.
van der Vecht, J. 1966. The East-Asiatic and Indo-Australian species of Polybioides Buysson and Parapolybia Saussure (HYM., Vespidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen 82(1): 1–42.